Types of the Elevator Installations

1) Electric Traction Elevators

This is the most common type of elevator for high-rise buildings

• ·       Component parts

 1 – Car

2 – Wire hoisting ropes (cables)

3 – Traction sheave and driving motor
4 – Counter weights

·       Employ the traction principle – downward pull of car and counterweight provides traction between hoisting ropes traction sheave.

·       No restrictions as height of building they can serve

1.3 : Hydraulic Elevators 

One type of elevator that is used in small commercial buildings and homes is a hydraulic elevator, an elevator car moved between floors by a hydraulic piston this elevator type is a low-speed application used for office buildings of four floors or less and residential buildings of six or less floors. A hydraulic elevator moves at 100 feet per minute for buildings of three floors or less and moves at 150 feet per minute for buildings of six floors or less .  
 
       Component parts
 1 – Car 2 – Cylinder and piston

3 – Hydraulic pump and reservoir

·       Fluid pumped into the cylinder lift the hydraulic elevator. Valve opening allows the weight of the elevator car to force the fluid back into reservoir during descent.

·       Usually limited to building of six floors or less in height since the cylinder must extend ground a equal the rise the car.

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1 . 4 : Basic Elevator components

Elevator components divided into three general areas

1 – Hoist ways

2 – Car of the Elevator

3 – Machine Room

General View in Elevators

  1 : INTRODUCTION

An elevator or lift is a vertical transport vehicle that efficiently moves people or goods between floors of a building. They are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables and counterweight systems, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston.

Lifts began as simple rope or chain hoists a lift is essentially a platform that is either pulled or pushed up by a mechanical means.A modern day lift consists of a cab (also called a“cage “or car )  mounted on a platform within an enclosed space called a shaft in the past, lift drive mechanisms were powered by steam and water hydraulic pistons in a “traction “lift, cars are pulled up by means of rolling steel ropes over a deeply grooved pulley, commonly called a sheave in the industry. The weight of the car is balanced with a counterweight. Sometime tow lifts always move synchronously in opposite directions, and they are each counterweight.

    Elevator today travel more miles and carry more individuals than  
  any other from of transportation. Estimates show that in one year,
  elevators safely carried twenty-eight million people over one-half billion vertical miles. Elevators are necessary transport device in both
  commercial building or business is to have them customized. But before deciding on a glass elevator or a panoramic elevator or a 
 steel elevator, the type of elevator need to be decided first. certain 
elevator types are better suited for commercial buildings, while 
others are better for residential buildings, but both require certain amounts of space based on “ European standard “ or local codes for homes and these aspects, as well as space for a machine closet, need to be taken into consideration when planning for an elevator in both home and commercial settings